ইংরেজি ২য় পত্র প্রশ্ন

(2) উন্নয়নশীল অর্থব্যবস্থায় কেন্দ্রীয় ব্যাংকের ৪টি ভূমিকা (ইংরেজিতে):

Four roles of the central bank in a developing economy:

1. Issuing currency: The central bank has the sole authority to issue notes and regulate the money supply, so that the supply matches the needs of a growing economy and prices stay stable.
2. Banker to the government and to other banks: It keeps the government's accounts, manages public debt and acts as the lender of last resort to commercial banks, thereby protecting the banking system from collapse.
3. Credit control and monetary policy: Through the bank rate, cash reserve ratio (CRR), statutory liquidity ratio (SLR) and open market operations, it controls the volume of credit to curb inflation and encourage investment.
4. Promoting development and financial inclusion: It builds up financial institutions, directs credit to priority sectors such as agriculture and small industries, and manages foreign exchange reserves to maintain external stability.