Read the following passage and answer the questions below it (avoid copying sentences from the passage).Great books do not spring from something accidental in the great men who write them. They are the effluence of their very core, the expression of the life itself of the authors. And literature cannot be said to have served its true purpose until it has been translated into the actual life of one who reads it. It does not succeed until it becomes the vehicle of the vital. Progress is the gradual result of the unending battle between human reason and human instinet, in which the former slowly but surely wins. The most powerful engine in this battle is literature. It is the vast reservoir of true ideas and high emotions, and life is constituted of ideas and emotions. In a world devoid of literature, the intellectual and emotional activities of all but a few exceptionally gifted men would quickly sink and retreat to a narrow circle. The broad, the noble, the generous would tend to disappear for want of accessible storage. And life would be correspondingly degraded, because the fallacious idea and the petty emotion would never feel the upward pull of the ideas and emotions of the genius. Only by conceiving a society without literature can it be clearly realised that the function of literature is to raise the plain towards the top level of the peaks. Literature exists so that where one man has lived finely, ten thousand may afterwards live finely. It is a means of life, it concerns the living essence.

**(1.1)** How does literature influence the life of the reader?

**(1.2)** Why should reason win over instinct?

**(1.3)** 'Literature is a means of life'. Explain this statement in three sentences,

**(1.4)** Translate the first two sentences of the passage into Bangla.

**(1.5)** Make a sentence of your own with each of the underlined words in the passage.

Question

Read the following passage and answer the questions below it (avoid copying sentences from the passage).Great books do not spring from something accidental in the great men who write them. They are the effluence of their very core, the expression of the life itself of the authors. And literature cannot be said to have served its true purpose until it has been translated into the actual life of one who reads it. It does not succeed until it becomes the vehicle of the vital. Progress is the gradual result of the unending battle between human reason and human instinet, in which the former slowly but surely wins. The most powerful engine in this battle is literature. It is the vast reservoir of true ideas and high emotions, and life is constituted of ideas and emotions. In a world devoid of literature, the intellectual and emotional activities of all but a few exceptionally gifted men would quickly sink and retreat to a narrow circle. The broad, the noble, the generous would tend to disappear for want of accessible storage. And life would be correspondingly degraded, because the fallacious idea and the petty emotion would never feel the upward pull of the ideas and emotions of the genius. Only by conceiving a society without literature can it be clearly realised that the function of literature is to raise the plain towards the top level of the peaks. Literature exists so that where one man has lived finely, ten thousand may afterwards live finely. It is a means of life, it concerns the living essence.

(1.1) How does literature influence the life of the reader?

(1.2) Why should reason win over instinct?

(1.3) 'Literature is a means of life'. Explain this statement in three sentences,

(1.4) Translate the first two sentences of the passage into Bangla.

(1.5) Make a sentence of your own with each of the underlined words in the passage.

**(1.1)** How does literature influence the life of the reader?

**(1.2)** Why should reason win over instinct?

**(1.3)** 'Literature is a means of life'. Explain this statement in three sentences,

**(1.4)** Translate the first two sentences of the passage into Bangla.

**(1.5)** Make a sentence of your own with each of the underlined words in the passage.

Accepted Answer

**(1.1)** Literature influences a reader's life by entering and shaping it. A book is truly successful only when its ideas and feelings are absorbed by the reader and show in his actual living. Through the high ideas and emotions it carries, literature lifts the reader's mind above petty thoughts and narrow feelings, so the reader begins to live more finely.

**(1.2)** Reason should win over instinct because progress depends on it. Instinct is blind and often leads to false ideas and petty feelings, whereas reason leads to broad, noble and generous thinking. Human advancement is the slow result of reason defeating instinct in this long struggle.

**(1.3)** Literature is a means of life because it feeds the very ideas and emotions of which life is made. It preserves the best thoughts and feelings of gifted people so that ordinary people can draw on them. Through it, what one great person has lived finely can help thousands of others to live finely.

**(1.4)** মহৎ গ্রন্থ সেই মহান ব্যক্তিদের মধ্যকার কোনো আকস্মিক বিষয় থেকে জন্ম নেয় না, যাঁরা সেগুলো রচনা করেন। এগুলো তাঁদের অন্তরসত্তার নির্যাস, লেখকদের জীবনেরই প্রকাশ।

**(1.5)** (The underlined words are not marked in the text, so five key words are used.)
1. **effluence** (outflow): Great poetry is the effluence of a poet's deep feelings.
2. **vehicle** (means of expression): Music is a powerful vehicle of emotion.
3. **reservoir** (store): A library is a reservoir of knowledge.
4. **fallacious** (false): His argument was fallacious and misled the people.
5. **degraded** (lowered in quality): Pollution has degraded the quality of our rivers.

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