ক) AI-তৈরি নমুনা উত্তর
আমরা জানি,
35 ∘ + 10 ∘ = 45 ∘ 35^\circ + 10^\circ = 45^\circ 3 5 ∘ + 1 0 ∘ = 4 5 ∘
উভয়পক্ষে tan \tan tan নিয়ে পাই,
tan ( 35 ∘ + 10 ∘ ) = tan 45 ∘ \tan(35^\circ + 10^\circ) = \tan 45^\circ tan ( 3 5 ∘ + 1 0 ∘ ) = tan 4 5 ∘
বা, tan 35 ∘ + tan 10 ∘ 1 − tan 35 ∘ ⋅ tan 10 ∘ = 1 \frac{\tan 35^\circ + \tan 10^\circ}{1 - \tan 35^\circ \cdot \tan 10^\circ} = 1 1 − t a n 3 5 ∘ ⋅ t a n 1 0 ∘ t a n 3 5 ∘ + t a n 1 0 ∘ = 1
বা, tan 35 ∘ + tan 10 ∘ = 1 − tan 35 ∘ ⋅ tan 10 ∘ \tan 35^\circ + \tan 10^\circ = 1 - \tan 35^\circ \cdot \tan 10^\circ tan 3 5 ∘ + tan 1 0 ∘ = 1 − tan 3 5 ∘ ⋅ tan 1 0 ∘
∴ tan 35 ∘ + tan 10 ∘ + tan 35 ∘ ⋅ tan 10 ∘ = 1 \therefore \tan 35^\circ + \tan 10^\circ + \tan 35^\circ \cdot \tan 10^\circ = 1 ∴ tan 3 5 ∘ + tan 1 0 ∘ + tan 3 5 ∘ ⋅ tan 1 0 ∘ = 1 (প্রমাণিত)।
খ) AI-তৈরি নমুনা উত্তর
আমরা জানি, △ A B C \triangle ABC △ A B C -এ A + B + C = π A + B + C = \pi A + B + C = π বা A + C = π − B A + C = \pi - B A + C = π − B
বামপক্ষ (LHS):
= cos 2 A − cos 2 B + cos 2 C = \cos^2 A - \cos^2 B + \cos^2 C = cos 2 A − cos 2 B + cos 2 C
= cos 2 A + cos 2 C − cos 2 B = \cos^2 A + \cos^2 C - \cos^2 B = cos 2 A + cos 2 C − cos 2 B
= cos 2 A + ( 1 − sin 2 C ) − cos 2 B = \cos^2 A + (1 - \sin^2 C) - \cos^2 B = cos 2 A + ( 1 − sin 2 C ) − cos 2 B
= 1 + ( cos 2 A − sin 2 C ) − cos 2 B = 1 + (\cos^2 A - \sin^2 C) - \cos^2 B = 1 + ( cos 2 A − sin 2 C ) − cos 2 B
= 1 + cos ( A + C ) cos ( A − C ) − cos 2 B = 1 + \cos(A + C)\cos(A - C) - \cos^2 B = 1 + cos ( A + C ) cos ( A − C ) − cos 2 B
= 1 + cos ( π − B ) cos ( A − C ) − cos 2 B = 1 + \cos(\pi - B)\cos(A - C) - \cos^2 B = 1 + cos ( π − B ) cos ( A − C ) − cos 2 B
= 1 − cos B cos ( A − C ) − cos 2 B = 1 - \cos B \cos(A - C) - \cos^2 B = 1 − cos B cos ( A − C ) − cos 2 B
= 1 − cos B [ cos ( A − C ) + cos B ] = 1 - \cos B [\cos(A - C) + \cos B] = 1 − cos B [ cos ( A − C ) + cos B ]
= 1 − cos B [ cos ( A − C ) + cos ( π − ( A + C ) ) ] = 1 - \cos B [\cos(A - C) + \cos(\pi - (A + C))] = 1 − cos B [ cos ( A − C ) + cos ( π − ( A + C ))]
= 1 − cos B [ cos ( A − C ) − cos ( A + C ) ] = 1 - \cos B [\cos(A - C) - \cos(A + C)] = 1 − cos B [ cos ( A − C ) − cos ( A + C )]
= 1 − cos B [ 2 sin A sin C ] = 1 - \cos B [2 \sin A \sin C] = 1 − cos B [ 2 sin A sin C ]
= 1 − 2 sin A cos B sin C = 1 - 2 \sin A \cos B \sin C = 1 − 2 sin A cos B sin C
= ডানপক্ষ (RHS)
∴ cos 2 A − cos 2 B + cos 2 C = 1 − 2 sin A cos B sin C \therefore \cos^2 A - \cos^2 B + \cos^2 C = 1 - 2 \sin A \cos B \sin C ∴ cos 2 A − cos 2 B + cos 2 C = 1 − 2 sin A cos B sin C (প্রমাণিত)।
গ) AI-তৈরি নমুনা উত্তর
উদ্দীপকের চিত্রানুসারে,
c = A B = 3 c = AB = 3 c = A B = 3
a = B C = 4 a = BC = 4 a = B C = 4
∠ B = π 15 = 180 ∘ 15 = 12 ∘ \angle B = \frac{\pi}{15} = \frac{180^\circ}{15} = 12^\circ ∠ B = 15 π = 15 18 0 ∘ = 1 2 ∘
(i) কোসাইন সূত্র প্রয়োগ করে বাহু b = A C b = AC b = A C নির্ণয়:
b 2 = c 2 + a 2 − 2 c a cos B b^2 = c^2 + a^2 - 2ca \cos B b 2 = c 2 + a 2 − 2 c a cos B
b 2 = 3 2 + 4 2 − 2 × 3 × 4 × cos 12 ∘ b^2 = 3^2 + 4^2 - 2 \times 3 \times 4 \times \cos 12^\circ b 2 = 3 2 + 4 2 − 2 × 3 × 4 × cos 1 2 ∘
b 2 = 9 + 16 − 24 × 0.9781 b^2 = 9 + 16 - 24 \times 0.9781 b 2 = 9 + 16 − 24 × 0.9781
b 2 = 25 − 23.4755 = 1.5245 b^2 = 25 - 23.4755 = 1.5245 b 2 = 25 − 23.4755 = 1.5245
∴ b = 1.5245 ≈ 1.235 \therefore b = \sqrt{1.5245} \approx 1.235 ∴ b = 1.5245 ≈ 1.235
(ii) সাইন সূত্র ব্যবহার করে ∠ A \angle A ∠ A নির্ণয়:
a sin A = b sin B \frac{a}{\sin A} = \frac{b}{\sin B} s i n A a = s i n B b
sin A = a sin B b = 4 × sin 12 ∘ 1.235 ≈ 4 × 0.2079 1.235 ≈ 0.8316 1.235 ≈ 0.6734 \sin A = \frac{a \sin B}{b} = \frac{4 \times \sin 12^\circ}{1.235} \approx \frac{4 \times 0.2079}{1.235} \approx \frac{0.8316}{1.235} \approx 0.6734 sin A = b a s i n B = 1.235 4 × s i n 1 2 ∘ ≈ 1.235 4 × 0.2079 ≈ 1.235 0.8316 ≈ 0.6734
যেহেতু a > c > b a > c > b a > c > b , তাই ∠ A \angle A ∠ A হবে ত্রিভুজের বৃহত্তম কোণ এবং এটি স্থূলকোণ হতে পারে।
sin − 1 ( 0.6734 ) ≈ 42.33 ∘ \sin^{-1}(0.6734) \approx 42.33^\circ sin − 1 ( 0.6734 ) ≈ 42.3 3 ∘
বা, ∠ A = 180 ∘ − 42.33 ∘ = 137.67 ∘ \angle A = 180^\circ - 42.33^\circ = 137.67^\circ ∠ A = 18 0 ∘ − 42.3 3 ∘ = 137.6 7 ∘
যদি ∠ A = 42.33 ∘ \angle A = 42.33^\circ ∠ A = 42.3 3 ∘ হয়, তবে ∠ C = 180 ∘ − ( 12 ∘ + 42.33 ∘ ) = 125.67 ∘ \angle C = 180^\circ - (12^\circ + 42.33^\circ) = 125.67^\circ ∠ C = 18 0 ∘ − ( 1 2 ∘ + 42.3 3 ∘ ) = 125.6 7 ∘ , কিন্তু a > c a > c a > c হওয়ায় ∠ A > ∠ C \angle A > \angle C ∠ A > ∠ C হওয়া আবশ্যক। অতএব, ∠ A \angle A ∠ A অবশ্যই স্থূলকোণ:
∠ A ≈ 137.67 ∘ \angle A \approx 137.67^\circ ∠ A ≈ 137.6 7 ∘ (বা 137 ∘ 40 ′ 137^\circ 40' 13 7 ∘ 4 0 ′ )
(iii) ∠ C \angle C ∠ C নির্ণয়:
∠ C = 180 ∘ − ( ∠ A + ∠ B ) = 180 ∘ − ( 137.67 ∘ + 12 ∘ ) = 30.33 ∘ \angle C = 180^\circ - (\angle A + \angle B) = 180^\circ - (137.67^\circ + 12^\circ) = 30.33^\circ ∠ C = 18 0 ∘ − ( ∠ A + ∠ B ) = 18 0 ∘ − ( 137.6 7 ∘ + 1 2 ∘ ) = 30.3 3 ∘ (বা 30 ∘ 20 ′ 30^\circ 20' 3 0 ∘ 2 0 ′ )
অতএব, নির্ণেয় সমাধান:
b ≈ 1.235 b \approx 1.235 b ≈ 1.235
∠ A ≈ 137.67 ∘ \angle A \approx 137.67^\circ ∠ A ≈ 137.6 7 ∘
∠ C ≈ 30.33 ∘ \angle C \approx 30.33^\circ ∠ C ≈ 30.3 3 ∘