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11.

∫emtan⁡−1x(1+x2)2dx=? \int \frac{e^{m \tan^{-1}x}}{(1 + x^2)^2} dx = ?

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Let I=∫emtan⁡−1x(1+x2)2dxI = \int \frac{e^{m \tan^{-1}x}}{(1 + x^2)^2} dx.

Let tan⁡−1x=θ  ⟹  x=tan⁡θ\tan^{-1}x = \theta \implies x = \tan\theta.
Differentiating with respect to θ\theta, we get dx=sec⁡2θ dθdx = \sec^2\theta \, d\theta.

Substituting these into the integral:
I=∫emθ(1+tan⁡2θ)2sec⁡2θ dθI = \int \frac{e^{m\theta}}{(1 + \tan^2\theta)^2} \sec^2\theta \, d\theta
I=∫emθsec⁡4θsec⁡2θ dθ=∫emθcos⁡2θ dθI = \int \frac{e^{m\theta}}{\sec^4\theta} \sec^2\theta \, d\theta = \int e^{m\theta} \cos^2\theta \, d\theta

Using the identity cos⁡2θ=1+cos⁡2θ2\cos^2\theta = \frac{1 + \cos 2\theta}{2}:
I=12∫emθ(1+cos⁡2θ) dθ=12∫emθdθ+12∫emθcos⁡2θ dθI = \frac{1}{2} \int e^{m\theta} (1 + \cos 2\theta) \, d\theta = \frac{1}{2} \int e^{m\theta} d\theta + \frac{1}{2} \int e^{m\theta} \cos 2\theta \, d\theta

We know that:
∫eaxcos⁡(bx) dx=eaxa2+b2(acos⁡bx+bsin⁡bx)\int e^{ax} \cos(bx) \, dx = \frac{e^{ax}}{a^2 + b^2} (a \cos bx + b \sin bx)

Applying this with a=ma = m and b=2b = 2:
I=12⋅emθm+12⋅emθm2+4(mcos⁡2θ+2sin⁡2θ)+CI = \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{e^{m\theta}}{m} + \frac{1}{2} \cdot \frac{e^{m\theta}}{m^2 + 4} (m \cos 2\theta + 2 \sin 2\theta) + C
I=emθ2[1m+mcos⁡2θ+2sin⁡2θm2+4]+CI = \frac{e^{m\theta}}{2} \left[ \frac{1}{m} + \frac{m \cos 2\theta + 2 \sin 2\theta}{m^2 + 4} \right] + C

Now, express cos⁡2θ\cos 2\theta and sin⁡2θ\sin 2\theta in terms of xx:
cos⁡2θ=1−tan⁡2θ1+tan⁡2θ=1−x21+x2\cos 2\theta = \frac{1 - \tan^2\theta}{1 + \tan^2\theta} = \frac{1 - x^2}{1 + x^2}
sin⁡2θ=2tan⁡θ1+tan⁡2θ=2x1+x2\sin 2\theta = \frac{2 \tan\theta}{1 + \tan^2\theta} = \frac{2x}{1 + x^2}

Also, θ=tan⁡−1x\theta = \tan^{-1}x:
I=emtan⁡−1x2[1m+m(1−x2)+4x(m2+4)(1+x2)]+CI = \frac{e^{m \tan^{-1}x}}{2} \left[ \frac{1}{m} + \frac{m(1 - x^2) + 4x}{(m^2 + 4)(1 + x^2)} \right] + C (where CC is the constant of integration).

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